Wooden Plane Patents


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Plow Planes - Guides and Gauges - Plane Making Machines
Coopering Planes - Splint, Chip, and Spill Planes

This collection of 201 patents related to wooden planes begins with Amos D. Allen's 1804 chip plane patent and continues all the way up to an Englishman's 1910 patent for a mouth adjustment mechanism. It's based on William Hilton's Index of Plane and Spoke Shave Patents 1812 To 1910. For more on the criteria used for this list, as well as additional sources, see the notes below. For questions or comments, feel free to email me.

Patent # Date Title Patentee Location Assigned to
X33351821-05-14Carpenter's planeR. Welford, J. H. DeasPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
X53661829-02-07Grooving planeS. Longanecker, Charles MyersLancaster, Pennsylvania
X5807PDF1830-01-30Grooving planeEmanuel W. CarpenterLancaster, Pennsylvania
X7158PDF1832-07-07Trying plane, double ironWilliam B. ReynoldsSt. Clairville, Ohio
X9055PDF1835-08-27Grooving planeJames HermanLancaster, Ohio
X96501836-05-14PlaneJohn T. JonesPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
3838PDF1844-11-26Setting the bit in bench planesLevi SanfordEast Solon, New York
4576PDF1846-06-16Fastening and adjusting plane ironsLeonard BlissTruxton, New York
5486PDF1848-03-28Joiners planeBenjamin F. ShellabargerMifflintown, Pennsylvania
5620PDF1848-06-06Joiners planeWilliam A. ColeNew York, New York
6226PDF1849-03-27Adjusting the position of plane-irons and regulating the throats of planesEmanuel W. CarpenterLancaster, Pennsylvania
6304PDF1849-04-10Plane for bevel edgesWilliam H. BlyeDe Ruyter, New York
6459PDF1849-05-22Bench planeCharles S. Beardsley, Simeon WoodAuburn, New York
7432PDF1850-06-11Plane for tonguing and grooving boardsJames A. WoodburyBoston, Massachusetts
7938PDF1851-02-18Tool for tonguing, joining, and rabbetingJohn A. FryEdinburg, Virginia
8503PDF1851-11-11Hand planeBenjamin F. BeeHarwich, Massachusetts
8655PDF1852-01-13Beveling planeHarrison W. LewisBath, New York
11235PDF1854-07-04Beveling planeM. J. Wheeler, H. W. Pierce, G. W. Rogers, M. B. TideyDundee, New York
11635PDF1854-08-29Multiform moulding-planeThomas D. WorrallMount Holly, New Jersey
12234PDF1855-01-16Bench planeWilliam C. HopperPittsburgh, Pennsylvania
14363PDF1856-03-04Bench planeEbenezer MathersMorgantown, Virginia
14423PDF1856-03-11[Glass] Plane stockJohn B. ThomasCincinnati, Ohio
14436PDF1856-03-18Bench planeLewis C. AshleyTroy, New York
14979PDF1856-05-27Method of securing plane bitsThomas D. WorrallBoston, Massachusetts
16309PDF1856-12-23Method of adjusting the bits of carpenters planesThomas D. WorrallLowell, Massachusetts
16412PDF1857-01-13Method of adjusting the size of the mouth in planesThomas J. TolmanSouth Scituate, Massachusetts
16569PDF1857-02-03Joiner's planeJ. F. PalmerAuburn, New YorkS.W. Palmer
16805PDF1857-03-10Carpenter's planeOldin NicholsLowell, Massachusetts
16889PDF1857-03-24Carpenter's planeM. B. TideyIthaca, New York
17286PDF1857-05-12Joiner's planeBenjamin I. LaneNewburyport, Massachusetts
17332PDF1857-05-19Joiner's planeJames LashbrooksOwensboro, Kentucky
17541PDF1857-06-09Tonguing and grooving hand-planePorter A. GladwinBoston, Massachusettsself and Thomas F. Caldicott
17553PDF1857-06-16Stock for bench planesJoel BryantBrooklyn, New York
17618PDF1857-06-23Method of holding and adjusting plane-irons in their stocksWillard W. ChipmanLowell, Massachusetts
17645PDF1857-06-23Mode of securing and adjusting plane-irons in their stocksWilliam StoddardLowell, Massachusetts
17921PDF1857-08-04Stock for smoothing planesJohn F. W. ErdmannPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
17951PDF1857-08-04Joiner's planeThomas D. WorrallLowell, Massachusetts
18312PDF1857-09-29Method of attaching adjustable handles to joiners’ planesThomas D. WorrallLowell, Massachusetts
19359PDF1858-02-16Method of securing the plane-iron to its stockPorter A. GladwinBoston, Massachusetts
19620PDF1858-03-16Joiner's beveling planeThomas A. ChandlerRockford, Illinois
20493PDF1858-06-08Bench planeH. L. KendallBaltimore, Maryland
20615PDF1858-06-22Device for adjusting plane ironsLeonard BaileyWinchester, Massachusetts
21311PDF1858-08-31Method of securing plane-irons to the stocks of bench planesLeonard BaileyWinchester, Massachusetts
23678PDF1859-04-19Bench plane stockJackson GorhamBairdstown, Georgia
23978PDF1859-05-10Hand planeSimeon S. DodgeSunapee, New Hampshireself and Edmund Burke
27983PDF1860-04-24Bench planeH. C. HuntOttumwa, Iowa
29962PDF1860-09-11Molding planeCharles FlemingYpsilanti, Michigan
33240PDF1861-09-10Improvement in planesAbraham S. CrossRipon, Wisconsin
34248PDF1862-01-28Improvement in plane stocksGeorge F. EvansNorway, Maine
35719PDF1862-06-24Improvement in planesJoseph VendrandParis, France
37694PDF1863-02-17Improvement in bench planesSeth C. HowesSouth Chatham, Massachusetts
40483PDF1863-11-03Improvement in planes for beading and moldingSeth C. HowesSouth Chatham, Massachusetts
41258PDF1864-01-12Improvement in planes for jointing table leavesT. P. GrangerPecatonica, Illinois
41317PDF1864-01-19Improvement in planesEli OdellWinterset, Iowa
43053PDF1864-06-07Improvement in bench planesRichard WashburnRamapo, New York
46614PDF1865-02-28Improvement in bench planesWing H. TaberLowell, Massachusettsself and Thomas H. Abbott
50378PDF1865-10-10Improvement in bench planesGeorge MullearSan Francisco, California
50530PDF1865-10-17Improvement in bench planesLyman C. BlissRichmond, Indianaself and John Griffith
52719PDF1866-02-20Improvement in carpenters' shooting boardsJoseph JonesNewark, New Jersey
55207PDF1866-05-29Improvement in carpenters' planesGeorg MüllerNew York, New Yorkself and Joseph Bang
59498PDF1866-11-06Improvement in carpenters' planesJohn WoodvilleCincinnati, Ohio
60265PDF1866-12-04Improvement in miter planesJohn SawyerMoravia, New York
65562PDF1867-06-11Improvement in joiners' planesArthur GrayNaples, Maine
67458PDF1867-08-06Improvement in carpenters' planesG. D. Spooner, L. N. JohnsonRutland, Brandon, Vermont
81335PDF1868-08-25Improvement in planesGeorge BuckelDetroit, Michigan
81879PDF1868-09-08Improvement in planesAlfred H. CompMount Joy, Pennsylvania
82074PDF1868-09-15Improvement in planesValentin BitschSaint Louis, Missouri
82450PDF1868-09-22Improvement in carpenters' planesJohn Blake TarrChicago, Illinois
86295PDF1869-01-26Improvement in bench planesPhilander S. FosterRichmond, Maine
86851PDF1869-02-09Improvement in moulding planeA. W. MaxwellMilton, Pennsylvania
91990PDF1869-06-29Improvement in wood planePaul ViccellioNew Orleans, Louisiana
96258PDF1869-10-26Improvement in carpenters' planeGeorg MüllerNew York, New York
97177PDF1869-11-23Improvement in carpenters' grooving planeTheodore DuvalHartford, Connecticut
99275PDF1870-01-25Improvement in bench planesLouis D. TredwaySaint Louis, Missouri
102406PDF1870-04-26Improvement in plane stockJulius KatzCincinnati, Ohio
102966PDF1870-05-10Improvement in carpenters' planesZephaniah PhillipsDixon, Illinois
105767PDF1870-07-26Improvement in bench planeJoseph A. BaileyWoonsocket, Rhode Islandself and Selden A. Bailey
108586PDF1870-10-25Improvement in planesWinslow B. GloverBoston, Massachusetts
109174PDF1870-11-15Improvement in planesLewis BundyMooer's Forks, New York
112218PDF1871-02-28Improvement in carpenters' planesJames Raymond Brown, William BrownBoston, Massachusetts
112949PDF1871-03-21Improvement in molding planesEllis H. MorrisCanton, Ohio
114613PDF1871-05-09Improvement in planesJames K. P. SmithJeffersonville, Indianaself and L. S. Shuler
119133PDF1871-09-19Improvement in carpenters' planesHenry N. FrederickHancock, New York
122609PDF1872-01-09Improvement in carpenters' planesHenry A. HoltWilton, New Hampshire
126707PDF1872-05-14Improvement in planesConrad JensenBoston, Massachusetts
127541PDF1872-06-04Improvement in plane stocksSamuel M. AdamsFitchburg, Massachusetts
128470PDF1872-07-02Improvement in rabbet planesGeorge M. DarleyNebraska City, Nebraska
129010PDF1872-07-16Improvement in dado planesRufus H. DornPort Henry, New York
129695PDF1872-07-23Improvement in bench planesThomas VaughanBoston, Massachusetts
133162PDF1872-11-19Improvement in bench planesJacob LehnerGalena, Illinois
138591PDF1873-05-06Improvement in planesJ. Ceville SpencerPhelps, New Yorkself and Francis X. Gervis
139710PDF1873-06-10Improvement in match planesJames EdwardsNew York, New York
146588PDF1874-01-20Improvement in bench planesHenry A. GatleySouth Boston, Massachusetts
149026PDF1874-03-31Improvement in grooving and tonguing planesRichard BrownNewark, New Jersey
164350PDF1875-06-08Improvement in bench planesThomas H. WallNew Bedford, Massachusetts
173177PDF1876-02-08Improvement in bench planesJosef NichtAuburn, New York
173984PDF1876-02-22Improvement in bench planesGeorge F. MortensenNew York, New York
180867PDF1876-08-08Improvement in bench planesJackson GorhamCrawfordville, Georgiaself and Charles E. Smith
185442PDF1876-12-19Improvement in match planesPorter A. GladwinChelsea, Massachusetts
186281PDF1877-01-16Improvement in devices for adjusting plane ironsJustus A. TrautNew Britain, Connecticut
198180PDF1877-12-18Improvement in bench planesHeinrich BaeckerRemscheid, Germany
199956PDF1878-02-05Improvement in bench planesJoseph B. BoyceLockport, New York
203442PDF1878-05-07Improvement in bench planesRobert S. GriffinWorcester, Massachusetts
209969PDF1878-11-19Improvement in bench planesDaniel M. HealdMilford, New Hampshire
211852PDF1879-02-04Improvement in planesAndrew JohnsonChicago, Illinois
219186PDF1879-09-02Improvement in bench planesJustus A. TrautNew Britain, ConnecticutStanley Rule and Level Co.
250007PDF1881-11-22Bench planeGeorge F. SawyerLiberty, Texas
258971PDF1882-06-06Reed planeFrederick V. YeagerPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
271569PDF1883-01-30Bench planeDavid A. BridgesVineland, New Jersey3/4 to John Gage
277556PDF1883-05-15Bench planeDaniel M. FieldingDecatur, Illinois
280175PDF1883-06-26Match planePhilip HickeyBoston, Massachusetts
303338PDF1884-08-12Bench planeJohn F. Taber, William F. GibbsClarion, Ohio
310163PDF1885-01-06PlaneWilliam F. AchenbachReading, Pennsylvania
314338PDF1885-03-24Chamfer plane James ManderPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania1/3 to Maurice R. Dillin
334324PDF1886-01-12PlaneJohn WoodsColumbia, Tennessee
334943PDF1886-01-26PlaneAugust DollLena, Illinois
336222PDF1886-02-16Edge guard for planesJames H. FergusonBrooklyn, New YorkLovejoy Son and Co
351689PDF1886-10-26Rabbet planeWilliam Henry BuswellManson, Iowa
357454PDF1887-02-08Bench planeJohn BriceSandy Hill, New York
383234PDF1888-05-22Bench planeThomas H. B. MillsapHarper, Kansas
394411PDF1888-12-11Bench planeWilliam StevensonDouglas Flat, California1/2 to John Monteverda
398247PDF1889-02-19PlaneHenry FryEugene City, Oregon
399760PDF1889-03-19Bead planeJames F. LewallenWilmore, Kentucky
415918PDF1889-11-26PlaneWilhelm MeisterApolda, Saxe Weimar Eisenach Germany
426806PDF1890-04-29PlaneEdmund P. HannPortland, Indiana1/2 to William S. Baker
435789PDF1890-09-02Bench plane attachmentThomas W. BartholomewDanville, Pennsylvania
464701PDF1891-12-08Plane attachmentGeorge H. MelendySan Francisco, California1/2 to Bennett Brothers
468362PDF1892-02-09Carpenter's planeFrank PhelpsAuburn, New York
469688PDF1892-03-01Attachement to planesAddison J. FerrisEast Hampton, Massachusetts
502906PDF1893-08-08PlaneLouis HardtYuba City, California
504562PDF1893-09-05Joiner's planeJohn M. ColeCleveland, Ohio
511349PDF1893-12-26PlaneHenry MerzPollasky, California
529681PDF1894-11-20Carpenter's planeHenri FoucaultCanton, Ohio1/2 to E. Bloch and Co.
644191PDF1900-02-27Carpenter's planeAbraham W. StaufferPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
755587PDF1904-03-22Scraping planeWilliam UlsesLos Angeles, California
771463PDF1904-10-04Beading planeCharles C. CrossleyNew Britain, Connecticut
794667PDF1905-07-11PlaneGustav DechantKiel, Germany
848364PDF1907-03-26Multiple beading planePaul HardingLong Island City, New York
917915PDF1909-04-13Bench planeWillem H. J. Vander Toorn Flushing, Neatherlands
965766PDF1910-07-26Carpenters' planeRalph TillesNew York, New York

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Plow Planes

Patent # Date Title Patentee Location Assigned to
X7951PDF1834-01-09Plough planeIsrael WhitePhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
594PDF1838-02-06Method of constructing the screw-arms for all kinds of planes regulated with screw-armsEmanuel W. CarpenterLancaster, Pennsylvania
17735PDF1857-07-07Device for securing the stock to the guide-rods of joiners' plowsStephen GoingNew York, New York
76051PDF1868-03-31Improvement in carpenters' planesE. M. Chapin, Solon RustPine Meadow, Connecticut
97328PDF1869-11-30Improvements in carpenters' plowsHarmon VanbuskirkVienna, Michigan
98108PDF1869-12-21Improvements in carpenters' plowRoyal B. RiceWilliamsburgh, Massachusetts
102630PDF1870-05-03Improvements in attaching handles to joiners' plowsCharles H. WeigleYork, Pennsylvania
114590PDF1871-05-09Improvement in stops for carpenters' plowsThomas NicholsVicksburg, Mississippi
243398PDF1881-06-28Bench planeSamuel A. PiperNewton, Massachusetts

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Guides and Gauges

Patent # Date Title Patentee Location Assigned to
31707PDF1861-03-19Bevel attachment for bench planesLeonard O. FairbanksNashua, New Hampshire
106808PDF1870-08-30Improvement in plane guideMichael GarlandWest Eau Claire, Wisconsin
129508PDF1872-07-16Improvement in planesLevi A. AlexanderPittsfield, Massachusetts
146208PDF1874-01-06Improvement in plane guidesWalter S. ShipeMinerva, Ohio
165132PDF1875-06-29Bench plane guideHarrison P. TaylorMinerva, Ohioself and P. A. Painter
167943PDF1875-09-21Improvement in plane guidesWalter S. ShipeMinerva, Ohio
178256PDF1876-06-06Improvement in carpenters' planeSamuel WilliamsColumbus, Ohio
182722PDF1876-09-26Improvement in plane guidesAndrew J. TeamerEvansville, Indiana
184241PDF1876-11-14Improvement in plane guidesWilliam H. Harris, Milo HarrisJamestown, New York
201068PDF1878-03-05Improvement in bench planesHarrison P. TaylorMinerva, Ohio
228766PDF1880-06-15Bench plane gageCyrus KinneyWindsor, Ontario Canada
295316PDF1884-03-18Rabbet plane attachmentCharles A. WarfieldPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
323595PDF1885-08-04Plane guideWilliam Wallace PrestonColdwater, Michiganself and Edward Floyd Preston
367071PDF1887-07-26Gage for wood working planesEdward B. ShepardsonGreenfield, Massachusetts
459122PDF1891-09-08PlaneJames K. KendrickGermantown, California
466494PDF1892-01-05Beveling attachment for planesFrank E. HartBrooklyn, New York
507378PDF1893-10-24Plane guideJohn McNightFrederickton, Canada
548582PDF1895-10-22Shaving guide for carpenters' planesLewis B. McDonaldLittle Rock, Arkansas
729725PDF1903-06-02Guide for planesJames W. BradySouth Bend, Indiana

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Plane Making Machines

For more on these kinds of machines, check out What Was in Sandusky’s Secret Plane Making Room? Making planes with machines in the US and England in the 1800s.

Patent # Date Title Patentee Location Assigned to
16954PDF1857-03-31Machine for cutting throatsHenry S. DeweyBethel, Vermontself and L. W. Newton
46372PDF1865-02-14Machine for dressing plane throatsF. B. MarbleColumbus, OhioOhio Tool Co.
46391PDF1865-02-14Machine for mortising plane stocksJohn RichardsColumbus, Ohio
46392PDF1865-02-14Machine for mortising plane stocksJohn RichardsColumbus, Ohio
82692PDF1868-10-06Improvement in mortising-machinesCharles CarterAuburn, New York
219900PDF1879-09-23Improvement in machines for making plane-stocksBenjamin F. BarkerCurtisville, Massachusetts
431380PDF1890-07-01Machine for Scooping Wedges for PlanesJoseph A. MontgomerySandusky, OhioSandusky Tool Co.
431381PDF1890-07-01Machine for Dressing the Throats of Wooden PlanesJoseph A. MontgomerySandusky, OhioSandusky Tool Co.
431382PDF1890-07-01 Machine for Sawing the Mouths of Molding PlanesJoseph A. MontgomerySandusky, OhioSandusky Tool Co.
431383PDF1890-07-01 Machine for Beveling the So-Called Wedge-Grips of Wooden PlanesJoseph A. MontgomerySandusky, OhioSandusky Tool Co.

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Coopering Planes

Patent # Date Title Patentee Location Assigned to
967PDF1838-10-08Croze for cooperingJames F. BrodheadKingston, New York
19130PDF1858-01-19Crozing planeS. G. CraneRochester, New York
78740PDF1868-06-09Improvement in coopers' crozeJohn C. HoferBell Air, Ohio
112205PDF1871-02-28Improvement in coopers' crozeVincent Applegate, Marline P. Jacobs, Samuel F. RobyHarrison Co. , Indiana
114089PDF1871-04-25Improvement in coopers' crozeJoseph F. Applegate, Caspar Feiock,New Albany, Indiana
119570PDF1871-10-03Improvement in coopers' crozes and howelsAnthony BusengerMount Solon, Virginia
129419PDF1872-07-16Improvement in adjustable howels for coopersMathew MoriartyBangor, Maine
141828PDF1873-08-12Improvement in crozing and chamfering planesAllen M. StrattanLadoga, Indiana
142995PDF1873-09-23Improvement in coopers' crozes and howelsWilliam R. DavisUnion City, Pennsylvania
151188PDF1874-05-19[Glass] Improvement in crozesJohn W. YoungWheeling, West Virginia1/2 to Andrew H. Baggs
459457PDF1891-09-15CrozeKenneth W. JacobsMilwaukee, Wisconsin
821543PDF1906-05-22Cooper's planeHermann SchneiderSt. Louis, Missouri

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Splint, Chip, and Spill Planes

Patent # Date Title Patentee Location Assigned to
X556PDF1804-05-10Bench planeAmos D. AllenWindham, Connecticut
19229PDF1858-02-02Tool for manufacturing splint basketsArtemas BakerTempleton, Massachusetts
50947PDF1865-11-14Improvement in splint planesHarrison OgbornRichmond, Indiana
52173PDF1866-01-23Improvement in tools for making lightersAlbert Kleinschmidt, Francis SchlaterPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
77434PDF1868-05-05Improvement in splint planesD. E. Aiken, A. A. AikenAdrian, Michigan
99795PDF1870-02-15Improvement in tool for making splintsCharles F. StewartCorunna, Michigan
107765PDF1870-09-27Improvement in splint planesPhilander N. Drake, David DrummondMcGregor, Iowa
127319PDF1872-05-28Improvement in tool for cutting splintsJonathan L. DevolParkersburg, West Virginia
142216PDF1873-08-26Improvement in planes for cutting cigar-lightersWilliam H. DripsCincinnati, Ohio
143737PDF1873-10-14Improvement in splint planesHenry L. WeagantMorrisburg, Canada2/3 to Stephan B. Fell and Robert Lyle
181582PDF1876-08-29Improvement in planes for cutting cigar-lightersHarrison W. LillyPittston, Pennsylvania

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Notes: Patents for irons were only included if they were part of a mechanism that was attached to a plane. Transitional planes were not included. This was often a judgment call based on how similar the patent drawing was to a transitional plane. For example, Worrall's Jointer and Gage's Bench Plane were excluded.

Sources:
• Henry L. Ellsworth, A Digest Of Patents, Issued By The United States, From 1790 To January 1, 1839 (Peter Force, 1840).
• William B. Hilton, Index of Plane and Spoke Shave Patents 1812 To 1910, (self pub, 1977).
• Dave Spang, "A List Of Previously Unrecorded Plane (and Plane Related) Patents," Plane Talk 5_ no. 4 (1980).
Name and Date Patents July 31, 1790 - July 2, 1836, Provided by the Patent and Trademark Depository Library Program Washington, D.C., August 19, 1999.

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